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How to Search in PubMed: Filters and Clinical Queries

This is a general guide to searching Pubmed, the world's largest database of biomedical citations and abstracts.

Restricting Your Results

Once you have combined the various components into a definitive search query, you can restrict your search results by, for instance, language, type of study, year, etc. Use the following tools for this:

  • PubMed Filters
  • PubMed Clinical Queries
  • Search strategies designed by other institutes/research groups to serve as a search filter.

PubMed Clinical Queries

Clinical Queries limits your search results to the following clinical study categories:

  • Etiology
  • Diagnosis
  • Therapy
  • Prognosis
  • Clinical prediction guides

Watch the PubMed Tutorial for more information.

You can find Clinical Queries in the Advanced Search Builder via the More Resources tab in the top left.
Enter the search terms or the number of your entire search query from History (e.g. #7) in the search box. Next, select the desired category (see above) and scope:

  • Broad: yields more results but some of them are less relevant (sensitive search)
  • Narrow: yields fewer results but with greater relevance (specific)

Clinical Queries filters are search strategies designed for medical specialists and they help limit the search to clinical studies only.  
Go here to see what exactly PubMed searches for.

The Systematic Reviews filter option on the Clinical Queries page is identical to the option under Article types in the Filter Sidebar.

PubMed: Filters Sidebar demo

BelangrijkSome of the filter options are simply MeSH terms, such as the filter option Humans. In this particular case, you actually expand your query with AND Humans[MeSH], indicating that all articles should contain the MeSH term Humans. This action instantly rejects articles without MeSH (found through [tiab] searches).
Want to make sure that a filter is not a MeSH term? Check the PubMed status of your articles before and after activating the filter. You can find the PubMed status in the Abstract format.

Additional Search Filters

In addition to the PubMed search filters, you can use search filters designed by other institutes/research groups, or you can make one yourself.Common search filters:

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