While there are many different types of variables, this guide will focus on the main two discussed in quantitative research: independent and dependent variables.
- Independent Variable (IV) - the variable manipulated (changed) by the researcher to determine if it will lead to change in the dependent variable(s) - in some studies, this is easily identified as the grouping variable. Independent variables are sometimes called factors or predictor variables.
- Dependent Variable (DV) - the variable that is measured by the researcher to see if the value depends on the change in the independent variable. Dependent variables are sometimes referred to as the outcome variable.
